Unfortunately, it is inevitable that many spouses will find themselves widowed during their retirement. This is not only a huge loss emotionally, but can be a major loss financially as well, especially since the survivor will lose the income earned by the spouse that has died.
The Social Security survivor benefit was created to ensure that the surviving spouse wouldn't lose all of their earnings when the first spouse passes. Basically, the survivor income is 100% of the spouse's benefit before he or she passed. Assuming that both spouses are currently receiving Social Security, if the spouse with the higher amount of Social Security passes away first, the spouse with the lower income will get an increase in her income. However if the spouse with the lower payment passes first, the surviving spouse's benefit will not change.
There are some rules in order to qualify for Social Security death benefits: The couple should have been married for at least 9 months before the spouse's death, unless his death was a result of an accident. Also, separated spouses may qualify for widow's benefits as long as they were married for minimum 10 years.
Widows can apply for survivor benefits starting at age 60, or age 50 if they are disabled. Just like with retirement and spousal benefits, the widow may not want to start collecting at age 60 because the benefit will be decreased for every month received before reaching full retirement age. A widow can expect to get anywhere from 71.5% to 100% of her deceased spouse's benefit based on how old she is when she starts collecting the survivor benefit.
It's important to note that as a widow you will receive the survivor benefit or your own benefit, whichever is more. So your benefit will go up if your spouse's benefit was higher than your own, however you will still lose one benefit, so your total benefit from Social Security could be 1/3 to 1/2 lower than it was before your spouse died.
One strategy to help maximize your total benefits assuming your spouse passes before you reach full retirement age is to begin collecting widow's benefits when your spouse passes (assuming you are at least age 60 or your are age 50 and crippled), then switch to your own benefit once you attain your full retirement age. This will allow your own retirement benefits to continue earning credits and therefore will increase your retirement benefit. Or, if the survivor benefit is significantly higher than your own benefit, you could request your own benefit early, then switch to the survivor benefit when you reach full retirement age.
You may apply for Social Security widow benefits right away after a family member has passed. To do so, you can contact the Social Security Administration or visit the office nearest to you. It's important to understand how Social Security survivor benefits work so you can maximize your retirement income, especially after the loss of a loved one.
Present Condition Regarding Social Security Spouse And Survivor Benefits
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